Imibhobho eWelded
Iimveliso Inkcazo
Imibhobho edityanisiweyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yimibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo, yenziwa ngokuqengqeleka iipleyiti zentsimbi okanye imicu ibe yimilo yetubula kwaye emva koko idibanise amalungu. Kanye kunye nemibhobho engenamthungo, enye yeendidi ezimbini eziphambili zemibhobho yensimbi. Iimpawu zabo eziphambili ziyimveliso elula, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye neentlobo ezininzi zenkcazo.
I. Ulwahlulo olungundoqo: Ukuhlelwa ngeNkqubo ye-Welding
Iinkqubo ze-welding ezahlukeneyo zigqiba ukusebenza kwemibhobho edibeneyo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili:
• Umbhobho odityanisiweyo weLongitudinal (ERW): Emva kokuqengqeleka komcu wentsimbi ube ngqukuva okanye isikwere secandelo elinqamlezileyo, umthungo udityaniswa ngobude (ubude) ecaleni kombhobho. Oku kunika ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye neendleko eziphantsi, okwenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kwamanzi oxinzelelo oluphantsi (njengamanzi kunye negesi) kunye nezicelo zenkxaso yesakhiwo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-diameter encinci kunye nephakathi (ngokuqhelekileyo ≤630mm).
• I-Spiral Welded Pipe (SSAW): Umcu wentsimbi uqengqeleka ukuya kwicala le-helical kwaye umthungo udityaniswe ngaxeshanye, udala i-spiral weld. Umthungo we-weld ugxininiswe ngakumbi ngokulinganayo, unikezela ngokuqina okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokugoba xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho odityanisiweyo othe ngqo. Oku kuvumela ukuveliswa kwemibhobho yobubanzi obukhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3,000mm ububanzi) kwaye isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuthutha ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu (olufana nemibhobho yeoli negesi yendalo) kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi kamasipala.
• Umbhobho odityanisiweyo wensimbi engenastainless: Yenziwe ngeshiti/intambo yentsimbi, idityaniswe kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezifana ne-TIG (i-tungsten inert gas arc welding) kunye ne-MIG (i-metal metal arc welding). Inomhlwa kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokuxhathisa kwentsimbi engenastainless kwaye ifanelekile kwizicelo ezifuna izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, njengokulungisa ukutya, iikhemikhali kunye nezixhobo zonyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe kwimibhobho echanekileyo encinci kunye nephakathi.
II. Eyona nto iluncedo
1. Iindleko eziphantsi kunye neMveliso ePhakamileyo: Xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho ongenamthungo (ofuna iinkqubo ezinzima ezifana nokubhoboza kunye nokuqengqeleka), umbhobho odityanisiweyo unikezela ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphezulu kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa emfutshane. Iindleko ziqhele ukuba ngama-20% -50% ngaphantsi kwiinkcukacha ezifanayo. Ngaphaya koko, inokuveliswa ngeebhetshi kwaye ngokuqhubekayo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno enkulu.
2. Iimpawu eziguquguqukayo: Imibhobho enobubanzi obuhlukeneyo (ukusuka kwiimilimitha ezimbalwa ukuya kwiimitha ezininzi), ubukhulu bodonga, kunye namacandelo anqamlezayo (ajikelezayo, isikwere, kunye noxande) inokuveliswa ngokwemfuno ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomntu wezicelo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukwakhiwa kunye noshishino.
3. Ukucutshungulwa okuLula: Izinto ezifanayo kunye ne-welds ezizinzile ziququzelela ukusika okulandelayo, ukubhobhoza, ukugoba, kunye neminye imisebenzi yokucubungula, ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okulula.
III. IiNdawo zeSicelo eziPhambili
• Ishishini loKwakha: Isetyenziswa kubonelelo lwamanzi kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi, imibhobho yokukhusela umlilo, izixhaso zesakhiwo sentsimbi (ezifana nezikafula kunye nezikhonkwane zodonga lwekhethini), iifreyimu zeengcango kunye neefestile (imibhobho edityanisiweyo yoxande), njl.
• ICandelo lezoShishino: Isetyenziswa njengemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi anoxinzelelo oluphantsi (amanzi, umoya ocinezelweyo, umphunga), izixhobo ezixhasa imibhobho, iintsimbi zokugada kwiworkshop, njl.njl.; imibhobho edityanisiweyo ene-diameter spiral welded isetyenziswa kumgama omde weoyile kunye nemibhobho yerhasi yendalo.
• ICandelo likaMasipala: Isetyenziswa kwimibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi ezidolophini, uthungelwano lwemibhobho yerhasi (uxinzelelo oluphakathi noluphantsi), iipali zezibane ezitalatweni, iindawo zokugada izithuthi, njl.njl.
• Ubomi Bemihla Ngemihla: Imibhobho emincinane edityanisiweyo (efana nemibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwayo) isetyenziswa kwizibiyeli zefenitshala nakwimibhobho yasekhitshini (enjengemibhobho ephumayo yoluhlu).
Umboniso weMveliso











