Umbhobho ogqunywe nge-insulation yinkqubo yemibhobho ene-insulation yobushushu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukunciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwezinto (ezifana namanzi ashushu, umphunga, kunye neoyile eshushu) ngaphakathi kombhobho ngelixa ukhusela umbhobho kwiimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekufudumaleni kwezakhiwo, ekufudumaleni kwesithili, kwiikhemikhali zepetroli, kubunjineli bemasipala, nakwezinye iindawo.
1. Ulwakhiwo oluphambili
Umbhobho ogqunywe nge-insulation udla ngokuba yisakhiwo esidityanisiweyo esineengqimba ezininzi esinezinto ezintathu eziphambili:
• Umbhobho weNsimbi oSebenzayo: Umaleko ongaphakathi ongundoqo, onoxanduva lokuthutha imidiya. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo zihlala ziquka intsimbi engenamthungo, intsimbi egalelweyo, okanye imibhobho yeplastiki, kwaye kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo kwaye zikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala.
• Umaleko Wokugquma: Umaleko ophakathi obalulekileyo, onoxanduva lokukhusela ubushushu. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-polyurethane foam, uboya belitye, uboya beglasi, kunye ne-polyethylene. I-polyurethane foam yeyona ikhethwayo ngoku ngenxa yokuqhuba kwayo ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokukhusela.
• Isingxobo Sangaphandle: Umaleko okhuselayo wangaphandle ukhusela umaleko wokukhusela ekufumaneni, ekwaluphaleni, nasekonakaleni koomatshini. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo zihlala ziquka i-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE), i-fiberglass, okanye i-anti-corrosion coating.
II. Iintlobo eziphambili kunye neempawu
Ngokusekelwe kwizinto zokufakelwa kwe-insulation kunye nemeko yesicelo, iintlobo kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo zezi zilandelayo:
• Umbhobho ofakwe i-Polyurethane Insulated: Ukuqhuba ubushushu ≤ 0.024 W/(m·K), ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi, kunye nokumelana nokuguga. Ifanelekile kwiipayipi zamanzi ashushu kunye nomphunga ezinamaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe--50°C kunye ne-120°C, lukhetho olukhethwayo kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza eziphakathi kunye nokufudumeza umgangatho.
• Umbhobho ofakwe i-Rockwool Insulated: Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-600°C) kunye nomgangatho ophezulu womlilo (uHlelo A alutshi), kodwa xa lufunxa amanzi amaninzi, lufuna ukhuseleko lomswakama. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho yobushushu obuphezulu yemizi-mveliso (njengemibhobho yomphunga webhoyila).
• Umbhobho Ogqunywe Ngoboya Beglasi: Ulula, onobushushu obugqwesileyo, kunye nobushushu obuphakathi kwe -120°C ukuya kwi-400°C, ufanelekile kwiipayipi ezinobushushu obuphantsi (ezifana neepayipi ezibandayo zomoya) kunye nobushushu beepayipi kwizakhiwo zoluntu.
III. Iingenelo eziPhambili
1. Ukonga Amandla kunye nokuNciphisa ukuSetyenziswa: Kunciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu phakathi, kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ekufudumaleni, kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, nakwezinye iimeko. Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusebenza.
2. Ukhuseleko lweMibhobho: Isiciko sangaphandle sikhusela emanzini, ukugqwala komhlaba, kunye nempembelelo yoomatshini, sandisa ubomi benkonzo yombhobho kwaye sinciphisa amaxesha okugcinwa kwawo.
3. Ukusebenza kweMibhobho eZinzileyo: Kugcina ubushushu obuphakathi obuzinzileyo ukuthintela ukuguquguquka kobushushu ekuchaphazeleni ukusebenza (umz., ukugcina ubushushu bangaphakathi kwiipayipi zokufudumeza kunye nokuqinisekisa uzinzo lwenkqubo kwiipayipi zoshishino).
4. Ukufakelwa okulula: Eminye imibhobho egqunyiweyo yenziwe kwangaphambili, ifuna uqhagamshelo kunye nokufakelwa kwindawo kuphela, inciphisa ixesha lokwakha kwaye inciphise ubunzima.
IV. Izicelo Ezisebenzayo
• UMasipala: Iinethiwekhi zokufudumeza ezikwidolophu kunye nemibhobho yamanzi empompini (ukuthintela ukubanda ebusika).
• Ulwakhiwo: Imibhobho yokufudumeza umgangatho kwizakhiwo zokuhlala nezorhwebo, kunye nemibhobho ephakathi yokufudumeza nokupholisa umoya opholileyo.
• Imizi-mveliso: Imibhobho yeoyile eshushu kwimizi-mveliso yepetroleum kunye neekhemikhali, imibhobho yomphunga kwizityalo zamandla, kunye nemibhobho ye-cryogenic medium kwi-cold chain logistics.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-26-2025