Ukwakha “Isikhuselo” Sombhobho Oqinileyo

Ukuphuculwa kweTekhnoloji yoKulwa nokugqwala kwiPipe yeNtsimbi kukhusela ukhuseleko kunye nexesha lobomi bezoThutho lweMizi-mveliso
Kwicandelo le-petrochemical, unikezelo lwamanzi lukamasipala, kunye nothutho lwegesi yendalo, iipayipi zentsimbi, njengezithuthi eziphambili zothutho, zihlala zijongene nemingeni emininzi, kubandakanya ukubola komhlaba, ukukhukuliseka kweendaba, kunye ne-oxidation yomoya. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ubomi obuqhelekileyo benkonzo yeepayipi zentsimbi ezinganyangwanga bungaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu, ngelixa obo bonyango oluqhelekileyo lokulwa nokugqwala bunokwandiswa ukuya kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-20. Ngokuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko oluphezulu lokusingqongileyo, iteknoloji yokulwa nokugqwala kweepayipi zentsimbi iguqukele ekubeni kukhuselo lwe-single-coating ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha lokhuseleko olupheleleyo oluquka "ukuphuculwa kwezinto, ukulungiswa kwenkqubo, kunye nokubeka esweni ngobulumko."

Okwangoku, iitekhnoloji eziphambili zokulwa nokugqwala kwemibhobho yentsimbi zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo ezenzelwe iimeko ezithile zesicelo. Kwicandelo lemibhobho efihliweyo, i-3PE (i-polyethylene coating enezintlu ezintathu) i-anti-corrosion coating zisisombululo esikhethwayo kwimibhobho yeoyile negesi ekude ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okuhle kakhulu noxinzelelo lomhlaba kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-cathodic. Ulwakhiwo lwazo oluhlanganisiweyo, oluquka umgubo we-epoxy osisiseko, i-adhesive ephakathi, kunye nomaleko we-polyethylene wangaphandle, lubonelela ngokhuseleko lokugqwala kunye nempembelelo. Kwimibhobho ye-asidi kunye ne-alkaline kushishino lweekhemikhali, i-fluorocarbon coating kunye ne-plastic lining zibonelela ngeenzuzo. Eyokuqala isebenzisa ukungasebenzi kweekhemikhali ze-fluororesins ukumelana ne-media egqwala kakhulu, ngelixa eyesibini ihlukanisa ngokwasemzimbeni i-media ethuthwayo kumbhobho wentsimbi ngokwayo ngokufaka udonga lwangaphakathi ngezinto ezifana ne-polyethylene kunye ne-polytetrafluoroethylene. Ngaphezu koko, i-hot-dip galvanizing isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezigqwala kancinci ezifana neenkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi kunye nemibhobho kamasipala kunye neenkxaso zesakhiwo sentsimbi ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi kunye nokufakelwa okulula. Isenzo se-anodic somhlathi we-zinc sibonelela ngokhuseleko lwe-electrochemical oluhlala ixesha elide kumbhobho wentsimbi.

Ukuphuculwa kobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso lwenkqubo kuqhuba uphuculo kumgangatho wepayipi yentsimbi yokulwa nokugqwala. Iinkqubo zemveli zokupenda ngesandla, ngenxa yemicimbi efana nobukhulu obungalinganiyo bokugquma kunye nokunamathela okungalunganga, zitshintshwa kancinci kancinci yimigca yemveliso ezenzekelayo. Ubuchwepheshe bangoku bokutshiza nge-electrostatic kunye nokutshiza ngaphandle komoya bunokufezekisa ukunyamezelana kobukhulu bokugquma ngaphakathi kwe-±5%. Kwicandelo lezixhobo zokulwa nokugqwala, ii-epoxy coatings ezisekelwe emanzini ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nee-graphene-modified anti-corrosion coatings zithatha indawo yee-solvent-based coatings kancinci kancinci, zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-VOC ngelixa ziphucula ukumelana nemozulu kunye nokuguguleka kwengubo. Kwangaxeshanye, iindlela zokubeka esweni ezikrelekrele ziqala ukudityaniswa kwiinkqubo zokulwa nokugqwala. Iipayipi zentsimbi kwezinye iiprojekthi eziphambili ngoku zixhotyiswe ngee-corrosion sensors. Ezi sensors ziqokelela imiqondiso yomonakalo we-corrosion current-time kunye ne-coatings ukusuka eludongeni lwangaphandle lombhobho, zivumela isilumkiso kwangethuba malunga nemingcipheko yokusilela kokugqwala kunye nokulungiswa okuchanekileyo.

Kwiprojekthi zokulwa nokugqwala kwemibhobho yentsimbi, isivumelwano soshishino kukuba “izinto ezingama-30%, ulwakhiwo lwama-70%.” Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, umphezulu wombhobho wentsimbi kufuneka utyunyuzwe ngesanti ukuze kususwe umhlwa kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba umphezulu urhabaxa we-Sa2.5 okanye ngaphezulu. Olu nyango lukwasusa ukungcola okufana neoyile, isikali, kunye nokunye ukungcola, nto leyo evula indlela yokunamathela kwengubo. Ngexesha lokwakhiwa, ubukhulu bengubo, ubushushu bokunyanga, kunye nexesha kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo ukuze kuthintelwe iziphene ezifana nemingxunya yentsimbi kunye nokuvuza kwengubo. Emva kokugqitywa, ukusebenza kwengalo yokulwa nokugqwala kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngeendlela ezifana novavanyo lwentlantsi kunye novavanyo lokunamathela. Kuphela ngokuseka inkqubo ebanzi, evaliweyo equka “ukukhethwa kwezinto – unyango lomphezulu – ulawulo lolwakhiwo kunye nolawulo – emva kokugcinwa” apho ixabiso lexesha elide lengalo yokulwa nokugqwala kwemibhobho yentsimbi linokufezekiswa ngokwenene.

Ngokuphucula iinjongo "zekhabhoni ezimbini" kunye nokwandisa iimfuno zokhuseleko lwemizi-mveliso, iteknoloji yokulwa nokugqwala ngemibhobho yentsimbi iya kuqhubeka iguqukela kwiindlela eziluhlaza, ezisebenzayo ngakumbi, nezikrelekrele ngakumbi. Kwixesha elizayo, izixhobo ezintsha zokulwa nokugqwala ezidibanisa iipropati zekhabhoni ephantsi kunye nokhuseleko lwexesha elide, kunye neenkqubo zokujonga ukulwa nokugqwala ezidibanisa iteknoloji yedijithali ezimbini, ziya kuba zizinto eziphambili kuphando nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso. Ezi ziya kubonelela ngekhaka lokhuseleko eliqinileyo kwiipayipi ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kwaye zinegalelo ekusebenzeni komgangatho ophezulu kweziseko zophuhliso.